Details

Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage


Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage


1. Aufl.

von: Yuping Wu, Rudolf Holze

76,99 €

Verlag: Wiley-VCH
Format: EPUB
Veröffentl.: 11.10.2021
ISBN/EAN: 9783527340293
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 432

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Beschreibungen

This pioneering textbook on the topic provides a clear and well-structured description of the fundamental chemistry involved in these systems, as well as an excellent overview of the real-life practical applications. <br> Prof. Holze is a well-known researcher and an experienced author who guides the reader with his didactic style, and readers can test their understanding with questions and answers throughout the text.<br> Written mainly for advanced students in chemistry, physics, materials science, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering, this text is equally a valuable resource for scientists and engineers working in the field, both in academia and industry.<br>
<p>Foreword xi</p> <p>Preface xiii</p> <p><b>1 Processes and Applications of Energy Conversion and Storage 1</b></p> <p><b>2 Electrochemical Processes and Systems 21</b></p> <p>2.1 Parasitic Reactions 30</p> <p>2.2 Self-discharge 30</p> <p>2.3 Device Deterioration 32</p> <p>2.3.1 Aging 37</p> <p><b>3 Thermodynamics of Electrochemical Systems 39</b></p> <p><b>4 Kinetics of Electrochemical Energy Conversion Processes 55</b></p> <p>4.1 Steps of Electrode Reactions and Overpotentials 56</p> <p>4.2 Transport 56</p> <p>4.3 Charge Transfer 59</p> <p>4.4 Overpotentials 59</p> <p>4.5 Diffusion 62</p> <p>4.6 Further Overpotentials 63</p> <p>5 Electrodes and Electrolytes 71</p> <p>5.1 Recycling 84</p> <p><b>6 Experimental Methods 87</b></p> <p>6.1 Battery Tester 87</p> <p>6.2 Current–Potential Measurements 88</p> <p>6.3 Charge/Discharge Measurements 92</p> <p>6.4 Battery Charging 100</p> <p>6.5 Linear Scan and Cyclic Voltammetry 107</p> <p>6.6 Impedance Measurements 111</p> <p>6.7 Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (GITT) 117</p> <p>6.8 Potentiostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (PITT) 119</p> <p>6.9 Step Potential Electrochemical Spectroscopy (SPECS) 120</p> <p>6.10 Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance (EQCM) 121</p> <p>6.11 Non-electrochemical Methods 121</p> <p>6.11.1 Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 121</p> <p>6.11.2 Gas Adsorption Measurements 121</p> <p>6.11.3 Microscopies 122</p> <p>6.11.4 Thermal Measurements 122</p> <p>6.11.5 Modeling 123</p> <p><b>7 Primary Systems 127</b></p> <p>7.1 Aqueous Systems 129</p> <p>7.1.1 Zinc–Carbon Battery 129</p> <p>7.1.2 Alkaline Zn//MnO2 Battery 131</p> <p>7.1.3 Zn//HgO Battery 134</p> <p>7.1.4 Zn//AgO Battery 136</p> <p>7.1.5 Cd//AgO Batteries 138</p> <p>7.1.6 Mg//MnO2 Batteries 140</p> <p>7.2 Nonaqueous Systems 141</p> <p>7.2.1 Primary Lithium Batteries 141</p> <p>7.2.2 Li//MnO2 144</p> <p>7.2.3 Li//Bi2O3 145</p> <p>7.2.4 Li//CuO 146</p> <p>7.2.5 Li//V2O5, Li//Ag2V4O11, and Li//CSVO 147</p> <p>7.2.6 Li//CuS 148</p> <p>7.2.7 Li//FeS2 149</p> <p>7.2.8 Li//CFx Primary Battery 150</p> <p>7.2.9 Li//I2 151</p> <p>7.2.10 Li//SO2 151</p> <p>7.2.11 Li//SOCl2 153</p> <p>7.2.12 Li//SO2Cl2 156</p> <p>7.2.13 Li//Oxyhalide Primary Battery 156</p> <p>7.3 Metal–Air Systems 157</p> <p>7.3.1 Aqueous Metal–Air Primary Batteries 157</p> <p>7.3.2 Nonaqueous Metal–Air Batteries 168</p> <p>7.4 Reserve Batteries 170</p> <p>7.4.1 Seawater-activated Batteries 171</p> <p>7.4.2 High Power Activated Batteries 173</p> <p><b>8 Secondary Systems 175</b></p> <p>8.1 Aqueous Systems 176</p> <p>8.1.1 Lead–Acid 176</p> <p>8.1.2 Lead Grid 181</p> <p>8.1.3 Ni-based Secondary Batteries 189</p> <p>8.1.4 Aqueous Rechargeable Lithium Batteries 202</p> <p>8.1.5 Aqueous Rechargeable Sodium Batteries 206</p> <p>8.2 Nonaqueous Systems 208</p> <p>8.2.1 Lithium-Ion Batteries 208</p> <p>8.2.2 Rechargeable Li//S Batteries 230</p> <p>8.2.3 Rechargeable Na//S Batteries 233</p> <p>8.2.4 Rechargeable Li//Se Batteries 234</p> <p>8.2.5 Rechargeable Mg Batteries 235</p> <p>8.3 Gel Polymer Electrolyte-based Secondary Batteries 235</p> <p>8.3.1 Gel Lithium-Ion Batteries 236</p> <p>8.3.2 Gel-Type Electrolytes for Sodium Batteries 238</p> <p>8.4 Solid Electrolyte-based Secondary Batteries 238</p> <p>8.4.1 Solid Lithium-Ion Batteries 239</p> <p>8.4.2 Rechargeable Solid Lithium Batteries 240</p> <p>8.5 Rechargeable Metal–Air Batteries 240</p> <p>8.5.1 Rechargeable Li//Air Batteries 242</p> <p>8.5.2 Rechargeable Na//Air Batteries 243</p> <p>8.5.3 Rechargeable Zn//Air Batteries 245</p> <p>8.6 High-Temperature Systems 246</p> <p>8.6.1 Sodium–Sulfur Battery 247</p> <p>8.6.2 Sodium–Nickel Chloride Battery 250</p> <p>8.6.3 All Liquid Metal Accumalator 254</p> <p><b>9 Fuel Cells 257</b></p> <p>9.1 The Oxygen Electrode 261</p> <p>9.2 The Hydrogen Electrode 267</p> <p>9.3 Common Features of Fuel Cells 268</p> <p>9.4 Classification of Fuel Cells 272</p> <p>9.4.1 Ambient Temperature Fuel Cells 272</p> <p>9.4.2 Alkaline Fuel Cells 273</p> <p>9.4.3 Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) 274</p> <p>9.4.4 Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells 281</p> <p>9.4.5 Bioelectrochemical Fuel Cells 283</p> <p>9.4.6 Intermediate Temperature Fuel Cells 284</p> <p>9.4.7 Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC) 284</p> <p>9.4.8 Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFC) 285</p> <p>9.4.9 High Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) 286</p> <p>9.5 Applications of Fuel Cells 288</p> <p>9.6 Fuel Cells in Energy Storage Systems 289</p> <p><b>10 Flow Batteries 293</b></p> <p>10.1 The Iron/Chromium System 298</p> <p>10.2 The Iron/Vanadium System 299</p> <p>10.3 The Iron/Cadmium System 299</p> <p>10.4 The Bromine/Polysulfide System 300</p> <p>10.5 The All-Vanadium System 300</p> <p>10.6 The Vanadium/Bromine System 302</p> <p>10.7 Actinide RFBs 302</p> <p>10.8 All-Organic RFBs 303</p> <p>10.9 Nonaqueous RFBs 303</p> <p>10.10 Hybrid Systems 303</p> <p>10.11 The Zinc/Cerium System 304</p> <p>10.12 The Zinc/Bromine System 304</p> <p>10.13 The Zinc/Organic System 305</p> <p>10.14 The Cadmium/Organic System 305</p> <p>10.15 The Lead/Lead Dioxide System 306</p> <p>10.16 The Cadmium/Lead Dioxide System 307</p> <p>10.17 The All-Copper System 307</p> <p>10.18 The Zinc/Nickel System 307</p> <p>10.19 The Lithium/LiFePO4 System 308</p> <p>10.20 Vanadium Solid-Salt Battery 308</p> <p>10.21 Vanadium-Dioxygen System 308</p> <p>10.22 Electrochemical Flow Capacitor 310</p> <p>10.23 Current State and Perspectives 310</p> <p><b>11 Supercapacitors 313</b></p> <p>11.1 Classification of Supercapacitors 314</p> <p>11.2 Electrical Double-Layer Capacitors 316</p> <p>11.2.1 Electrolytes for EDLCs 317</p> <p>11.2.2 Electrode Materials for EDLCs 318</p> <p>11.2.3 Electrochemical Performance of EDLCs 325</p> <p>11.3 Pseudocapacitors 326</p> <p>11.3.1 RuO2 327</p> <p>11.3.2 MnO2 330</p> <p>11.3.3 Intrinsically Conducting Polymers 335</p> <p>11.3.4 Redox Couples 343</p> <p>11.3.5 Electrochemical Performance of Pseudocapacitors 346</p> <p>11.4 Hybrid Capacitors 351</p> <p>11.4.1 Negative Electrode Materials 351</p> <p>11.4.2 Positive Electrode Materials 359</p> <p>11.4.3 Electrochemical Performance of Hybrid Capacitors 370</p> <p>11.5 Testing of Supercapacitors 376</p> <p>11.6 Commercially Available Supercapacitors 377</p> <p>11.7 Application of Supercapacitors 378</p> <p>11.7.1 Uninterruptible Power Sources 379</p> <p>11.7.2 Transportation 379</p> <p>11.7.3 Smart Grids 380</p> <p>11.7.4 Military Equipment 380</p> <p>11.7.5 Other Civilian Applications 381</p> <p>Appendix 383</p> <p>Acronyms, Terms, and Definitions 387</p> <p>Further Reading 401</p> <p>Index 407</p>
<b>Yuping Wu</b>, PhD, is Full Professor at the School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University in Nanjing, China. He has published more than 360 papers, won many awards such as Distinguished Youth Scientists from NSFC, China, and was selected as one of the Most Influential Minds from Highly Cited Researchers over the World in 2015.<br> <br> <b>Rudolf Holze</b>, PhD, is Full Professor of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry at Chemnitz University of Technology. Germany, at St. Petersburg State University, Russia, Distinguished Professor at Nanjing Tech University, China, and an ordinary member of the Saxon Academy of Sciences. He has authored nine books and more than 450 research articles.<br>
<b>An introductory text to electrochemical energy conversion and storage that takes account of current and future energy perspectives</b><br> <br> <i>Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage</i> fills a gap in the literature by providing a text that contains comprehensive descriptions of the fundamentals and a detailed overview of the real-world, practical applications of electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Written by two noted experts on the topic, the book explores both the basics of energy conversion and storage and modes of conversion and storage of electric energy with particular attention to the use of renewable energy sources.<br> The book is written for both students and professionals and covers a wide range of topics, ranging from thermodynamic, kinetic and electrochemical fundamentals to a complete presentation of all electrochemical systems for energy conversion and storage. The text is filled with illustrations, examples, and descriptions of practical applications that help to understand the material presented. This important textbook:<br> <br> ? Provides a much-needed introduction to the fundamentals and recent developments in electrochemical energy technology<br> ? Explores the processes and applications of energy conversion and storage<br> ? Provides information on experimental methods<br> ? Has been written by two noted researchers and experienced authors<br> <br> Written for students in chemistry, materials sciences, and engineering, <i>Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage </i>meets the demand for an up-to-date introduction to this important topic.<br>

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