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<p>Preface xv</p> <p><b>1 Processing and Characterizations: State-of-the-Art and New Challenges 1<br /> </b><i>Visakh. P. M.</i></p> <p>1.1 Membrane: Technology and Chemistry 1</p> <p>1.2 Characterization of Membranes 3</p> <p>1.3 Ceramic and Inorganic Polymer Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Applications 4</p> <p>1.4 Supramolecular Membranes: Synthesis and Characterizations 5</p> <p>1.5 Organic Membranes and Polymers to Remove Pollutants 7</p> <p>1.6 Membranes for CO2 Separation 8</p> <p>1.7 Polymer Nanomembranes 9</p> <p>1.8 Liquid Membranes 11</p> <p>1.9 Recent Progress in Separation Technology Based on Ionic Liquid Membranes 12</p> <p>1.10 Membrane Distillation 13</p> <p>1.11 Alginate-based Films and Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Applications 14</p> <p>References 15</p> <p><b>2 Membrane Technology and Chemistry 27<br /> </b><i>Manuel Palencia, Alexander Córdoba and Myleidi Vera</i></p> <p>2.1 Introduction 27</p> <p>2.2 Membrane Technology: Fundamental Concepts 28</p> <p>2.3 Separation Mechanisms 33</p> <p>2.4 Chemical Nature of Membrane 41</p> <p>2.5 Surface Treatment of Membranes 42</p> <p>2.6 Conclusions 48</p> <p>References 48</p> <p><b>3 Characterization of Membranes 55<br /> </b><i>Derya Y. Koseoglu-Imer, Ismail Koyuncu, Reyhan Sengur-Tasdemir, Serkan Guclu, Recep Kaya, Mehmet Emin Pasaoglu and Turker Turken</i></p> <p>3.1 Introduction 56</p> <p>3.2 Physical Methods for Characterizing Pore Size of Membrane 56</p> <p>3.3 Membrane Chemical Structure 67</p> <p>3.4 Conclusions 85</p> <p>References 85</p> <p><b>4 Ceramic and Inorganic Polymer Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Applications 89<br /> </b><i>Chiam-Wen Liew and S. Ramesh</i></p> <p>4.1 Introduction 90</p> <p>4.2 Recent Developments in Filler-doped Polymer Electrolytes 95</p> <p>4.3 Methodology 105</p> <p>4.4 Results and Discussion 109</p> <p>4.5 Conclusions 127</p> <p>Acknowledgment 128</p> <p>References 128</p> <p><b>5 Supramolecular Membranes: Synthesis and Characterizations 137<br /> </b><i>Cher Hon Lau, Matthew Hill and Kristina Konstas</i></p> <p>5.1 Overview 138</p> <p>5.2 Supramolecular Materials 138</p> <p>5.3 Supramolecular Membranes 157</p> <p>5.4 Membrane Fabrication Using Supramolecular Chemistry 170</p> <p>5.5 Conclusions 184</p> <p>References 186</p> <p><b>6 Organic Membranes and Polymers for the Removal of Pollutants 203<br /> </b><i>Bernabé L. Rivas, Julio Sánchez and Manuel Palencia</i></p> <p>6.1 Membranes: Fundamental Aspects 204</p> <p>6.2 Liquid-phase Polymer-based Retention (LPR) 212</p> <p>6.3 Applications for Removal of Specific Pollutants 216</p> <p>6.4 Future Perspectives 228</p> <p>6.5 Conclusions 228</p> <p>Acknowledgments 228</p> <p>References 228</p> <p><b>7 Membranes for CO2 Separation 237<br /> </b><i>Abedalkhader Alkhouzaam, Majeda Khraisheh, Mert Atilhan, Shaheen A. Al-Muhtaseb and Syed Javaid Zaidi</i></p> <p>7.1 Introduction 238</p> <p>7.2 Fundamentals of Membrane Gas Separation 239</p> <p>7.3 Polymeric Membranes for CO2 Separation 245</p> <p>7.4 Mixed Matrix Membranes 258</p> <p>7.5 Supported Ionic Liquid Membranes (SILMs) for CO2 Separation 263</p> <p>7.6 Conclusion 278</p> <p>7.7 Overall Comparison and Future Outlook 279</p> <p>Abbreviations 282</p> <p>References 285</p> <p><b>8 Polymer Nanomembranes 293<br /> </b><i>Giuseppe Firpo and Ugo Valbusa</i></p> <p>8.1 Introduction 293</p> <p>8.2 Materials 294</p> <p>8.3 Nanomembrane Fabrication 298</p> <p>8.4 Characterization 304</p> <p>8.5 Applications 310</p> <p>References 316</p> <p><b>9 Liquid Membranes 329<br /> </b><i>Jiangnan Shen, Lijing Zhu, Lixin Xue and Congjie Gao</i></p> <p>9.1 Introduction 329</p> <p>9.2 Most Recent Developments 330</p> <p>9.3 Liquid Membranes Based Separation Processes 330</p> <p>9.4 Conclusion 379</p> <p>References 379</p> <p><b><i>10 Recent Progress in Separation Technology Based on Ionic Liquid Membranes 391<br /> </i></b><i>M.J. Salar-García, V.M. Ortiz-Martínez, A. Pérez de los Ríos and F.J. Hernández-Fernández</i></p> <p>10.1 Introduction 392</p> <p>10.2 Ionic Liquid Properties 393</p> <p>10.3 Bulk Ionic Liquid Membranes 395</p> <p>10.4 Emulsified Ionic Liquid Membranes 397</p> <p>10.5 Immobilized Ionic Liquid Membranes 400</p> <p>10.6 Green Aspect of Ionic Liquids 410</p> <p>10.7 Conclusions 411</p> <p>Acknowledgments 411</p> <p>References 412</p> <p><b>11 Membrane Distillation 419<br /> </b><i>Mohammadali Baghbanzadeh, Christopher Q. Lan, Dipak Rana and Takeshi Matsuura</i></p> <p>11.1 Introduction 419</p> <p>11.2 Applications of Membrane Distillation Technology 420</p> <p>11.3 Different Kinds of Membrane Distillation Configurations 422</p> <p>11.4 Distillation Membranes 432</p> <p>11.5 Transport Phenomena in MD 439</p> <p>11.6 Conclusion 450</p> <p>References 450</p> <p><b>12 Alginate-based Films and Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Applications 457<br /> </b><i>Jiwei Li and Jinmei He</i></p> <p>12.1 Introduction 457</p> <p>12.2 Recent Development 459</p> <p>12.3 Applications 468</p> <p>12.4 Conclusion 473</p> <p>References 474</p> <p>Index 491</p>

<p>Visakh P.M. is working as post doc. researcher at Tomsk Polytechnic University, Russia. He obtained his PhD, MPhil and MSc degrees from the School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India. He has edited 15 books for a variety of international publishers and has been a visiting researcher in many countries since 2011. His research interests include polymer nanocomposites, bio-nanocomposites and rubber based nanocomposites, fire retardant polymers, liquid crystalline polymers and silicon sensors.</p> <p>Olga Nazarenko obtained her PhD in Technical Sciences from Tomsk Polytechnic University, Russia where she is now a Professor in the Ecology and Basic Safety Department. In 2007 she obtained her DSc. in Processes and Apparatus of Chemical Technology. She has 170 publications, 3 books and 8 textbooks and 7 patents to her credit.</p>

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